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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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1995-02-26
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<text id=92TT1938>
<title>
Aug. 31, 1992: Space Invader
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
Aug. 31, 1992 Woody Allen: Cries and Whispers
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
THE WEEK, Page 20
HEALTH & SCIENCE
Space Invader
</hdr><body>
<p>A huge impact 370 million years ago may have killed off most
life on earth
</p>
<p> A comet or an asteroid strike about 65 million years ago is
the favored explanation for why dinosaurs vanished from the earth
so abruptly after having dominated the planet for the preceding
70 million years. The tremendous plume of smoke and dust thrown
into the atmosphere by the space intruder's impact, equivalent
to perhaps a million hydrogen bombs, would have blocked out
sunlight for months. The globe would have gone into a dark, deep
freeze, killing first the plants and then the giant lizards that
fed on them, directly or indirectly--paving the way for
mammals, and eventually humans, to take over.
</p>
<p> Now a report in Science suggests that 370 million years
ago, during the Late Devonian period, a comet or asteroid
caused an even greater catastrophe, one that wiped out fully 70%
of all marine species on earth. American and Belgian scientists
have found tiny glass beads just .3 mm (.004 in.) across,
embedded in underground sediments in Belgium. The beads, called
microtektites, are thought to be caused when silicon and other
minerals melt and then cool following either a volcanic eruption
or a high-speed impact. The chemical composition of these beads
seems to point much more convincingly to an impact, and the
theory is supported by the existence of at least two giant
impact craters (one in Sweden and one in Quebec), also about 370
million years old. It also strengthens the idea that evolution
owes much to giant rocks falling from space.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>